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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2022/2/20/yales-jackson-institute-for-global-affairs-amp-center-for-global-legal-challenges-yale-cyber-leadership-forum-disinformation-and-the-future-of-democracy-4-march-2022-900-1200-est-y34ac</loc>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2022/2/20/world-affairs-council-of-orange-county-standing-against-authoritarianism-belarus-opposition-leader-on-fighting-the-lukashenko-regime-from-exile-3-march-2022-900-1000-pacific-time-75gma</loc>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2022/2/20/international-forum-for-democratic-studies-an-offshore-cold-war-forging-a-democratic-alliance-to-combat-transnational-kleptocracy-2-march-2022-1000-1100-est-mckr8</loc>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2022/2/20/stanford-center-on-democracy-development-and-the-rule-of-law-facing-autocracy-a-global-challenge-2-march-2022-1600-pacific-time</loc>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/12/1/national-endowment-for-democracy-rebuilding-democratic-momentum-8-december-2021-1230-1345-est</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-12-01</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/12/1/asia-foundation-making-democracy-deliver-in-the-indo-pacific-a-summit-for-democracy-side-event-7-december-2021-900-1030-et</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-12-01</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/11/17/inter-parliamentary-union-ipu-143rd-assembly-and-related-meetings-26-30-november-2021</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-11-18</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/11/17/international-idea-election-assistance-in-times-of-democratic-backlash-26-november-2021-1400-1530-cet</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-11-18</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/11/14/ministry-of-foreign-affairs-of-lithuania-high-level-forum-future-of-democracy-vilnius-2021-defending-against-authoritarianism-19-20-november-2021</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-11-15</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/10/20/african-network-of-constitutional-lawyers-ancl-hybrid-conference-2021-checking-the-tide-of-democratic-regression-in-africa-28-29-october-2021</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-10-20</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/10/20/international-idea-democracy-and-the-challenges-of-climate-change-26-october-2021-1400-1515-cest</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-10-20</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/9/22/beyond-covid-reconnect-referendums-in-europe-a-democratic-turn-or-dictatorial-reversal-27-september-2021-1230-1315-cest</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-09-22</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/9/22/international-foundation-for-electoral-systems-parliamentary-elections-and-politics-in-russia-23-september-2021-900-1015-edt-1500-1615-cest</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-09-22</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/9/1/hillary-rodham-clinton-school-of-law-swansea-university-constitutionalism-in-troubled-times-workshop-15-september-2021-1000-1530-bst</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-09-01</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/7/1/international-idea-almedalen-democracy-summit-2021-bridging-the-chasm-the-role-of-information-inclusion-and-integrity-in-revitalizing-democracy-7-july-2021-1530-1700-stockholm-time</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-07-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/6/16/national-endowment-for-democracy-report-launch-a-full-spectrum-response-to-sharp-power-the-vulnerabilities-and-strengths-of-open-societies-18-june-2021-1100-1230-edt-4jd2d</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-06-16</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2021/6/16/bingham-centre-the-rule-of-law-and-authoritarian-ascendance-the-nature-and-scale-of-the-threat-and-the-legal-policy-and-societal-responses-to-it-8-june-2021-1300-1600-edt</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-06-16</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/23/roundtable-rule-of-law-in-brazil-one-year-of-bolsonaro-government-transnational-law-institute-kings-college-london-london-uk-11-february-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-24</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579836290406-GRC2G9SWAUFQZ3WZ4GV2/Bolsonaro+event+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Roundtable: 'Rule of Law in Brazil: One Year of Bolsonaro Government' - Transnational Law Institute, King's College London, London, UK, 11 February 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/15/conference-is-europe-losing-its-democratic-compass-authoritarian-populism-restrictions-of-migrants-rights-and-democratic-decay-in-europe-lund-university-sweden-13-14-february-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579147103411-L2KS76BVY56IICG78DER/lund+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Conference: 'Is Europe Losing its Democratic Compass?  Authoritarian Populism, Restrictions of Migrants’ Rights and Democratic Decay in Europe' - Lund University, Sweden, 13-14 February 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/15/roundtable-on-electoral-democracy-in-africa-stellenbosch-university-south-africa-5-march-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579143874664-JMTCFXIA83XZ7NVEKZKF/stellenbosch+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Roundtable on Electoral Democracy in Africa, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, 5 March 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/15/workshop-the-populist-moment-temporality-transformations-crises-university-of-brighton-united-kingdom-2-3-april-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579144377488-C3O9215LZBFWDVIP0FVR/brighton+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Workshop: 'The 'Populist Moment': Temporality, Transformations, Crises' - University of Brighton, United Kingdom, 2-3 April 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/20/conference-populism-and-democracy-maastricht-university-brussels-24-april-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579499229109-HYCZY6WZ6EG40CCC2CV7/maastricht+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Conference: 'Populism and Democracy', Maastricht University, Brussels, 24 April 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/15/cfp-democratic-transformations-spaces-connections-and-systemic-change-dublin-city-university-ireland-4-5-june-2020</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579143227326-NQZ222SS0NGXALR9WV7T/democ+transformations.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - CfP: 'Democratic Transformations: Spaces, Connections, and Systemic Change' - Dublin City University, Ireland, 4-5 June 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/2/3/workshop-on-contentious-politics-and-democracy-in-asia-keio-university-tokyo-japan-13-june-2020</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1580708103217-AYGH0QNZRIYK08114C4G/keio+uni+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Workshop on Contentious Politics and Democracy in Asia - Keio University, Tokyo, Japan, 13 June 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/15/cfp-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579139220782-4F9NZJAINEE642I8Z23A/minerva+2020.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - CfP: 'Transitional Justice and the Crisis of Democracy' - Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, Israel, 29-30 June 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/20/conference-populism-gender-and-feminist-politics-between-the-backlash-and-the-resistance-scuola-normale-superiore-2-3-july-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579503788708-TTWTGRKV2KBEDG3AQ1WI/scuola+normale+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Conference: 'Populism, Gender and Feminist Politics: Between the Backlash and the Resistance' - Scuola Normale Superiore, 2-3 July 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/events-1/2020/1/15/roundtable-democracy-2020-assessing-constitutional-decay-breakdown-and-renewal-worldwide-university-of-melbourne-australia-10-12-december-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579146569196-FEUGBCFU8ZL4RJUBE0EW/human-51206_1920.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Future Events - Roundtable: ‘Democracy 2020: Assessing Constitutional Decay, Breakdown and Renewal Worldwide’ - University of Melbourne, Australia, 10-12 December 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Past Events</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2020/1/15/roundtable-the-conference-on-the-future-of-europe-promises-and-challenges-embassy-of-norway-brussels-belgium-21-january-2020</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579138522351-MPTYFWHNBOSZF2IWIJHT/roundtable-conference-future-europe-1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Roundtable: 'The Conference on the Future of Europe – Promises and Challenges' - Embassy of Norway, Brussels, Belgium, 21 January 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2020/1/15/policy-dialogue-does-the-eu-have-what-it-takes-to-safeguard-the-rule-of-law-european-policy-centre-brussels-belgium-22-january-2020</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579145323790-OONGRGQSLU9TN26051WJ/epc+2020.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Policy Dialogue: 'Does the EU have what it takes to safeguard the rule of law?' - European Policy Centre, Brussels, Belgium, 22 January 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2020/1/15/conference-democracy-embattled-celebrating-30-years-of-the-journal-of-democracy-mayflower-hotel-washington-dc-usa-23-january-2020</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579146032859-7VYUHIQ995QTET0WCT2L/JoD+2020.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Conference: 'Democracy Embattled': Celebrating 30 Years of the Journal of Democracy - Mayflower Hotel, Washington DC, USA, 23 January 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2020/1/15/seminar-is-the-rule-of-law-too-vague-a-notion-to-be-monitored-and-enforced-by-the-eu-against-backsliding-member-states-bingham-centre-for-the-rule-of-law-london-uk-30-january-2020</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1579148341885-L2HRXA4G2KJ90NU6NNE8/Bingham+2020.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Seminar: 'Is the rule of law too vague a notion to be monitored and enforced by the EU against backsliding Member States?' - Bingham Centre for the Rule of Law, London, UK, 30 January 2020</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/10/10/book-launch-wojciech-sadurskis-polands-constitutional-breakdown-kings-college-london-uk-31-october-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1570696850715-O3900NA7CTNDZADY41KU/Sadurski+Kings.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Book Launch:  Wojciech Sadurski's, "Poland's Constitutional Breakdown" - King's College London, UK, 31 October 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/10/10/conference-recovering-the-promise-of-1989-forum-2000-prague-13-15-october-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1570696508855-OW52L7TV0II2J1OB6TXP/Forum+2000_banner.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Conference: 'Recovering the Promise of 1989' - Forum 2000, Prague, 13-15 October 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/6/30/icon-s-annual-conference-public-law-in-times-of-change-pontificio-universidad-catlica-de-chile-santiago-chile-1-3-july-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-07-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1561918145506-1YQYQYIJD2W9BUC2FMOL/web-banner-1024x390.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - ICON-S Annual Conference: 'Public Law in Times of Change?' - Pontificio Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 1-3 July 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1561918945337-QVH0HO7PSAZT2JUL2OMW/ICON+Panel+24Corruption_Promo+Poster_%5B2%5D-1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - ICON-S Annual Conference: 'Public Law in Times of Change?' - Pontificio Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 1-3 July 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1561918975270-DJ7CCFVZAXQC3C3MUPVM/ICON+Panel+84Courts_Promo+Poster-1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - ICON-S Annual Conference: 'Public Law in Times of Change?' - Pontificio Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 1-3 July 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1561919003858-I90TIMUS94YCPJZOLBBP/ICON+Panel126_Promo+Poster+-1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - ICON-S Annual Conference: 'Public Law in Times of Change?' - Pontificio Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 1-3 July 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1561919061954-J95LCWZEFEBCFCCFBN1A/ICON+Panel183Sadurski_Promo+Poster-1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - ICON-S Annual Conference: 'Public Law in Times of Change?' - Pontificio Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 1-3 July 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/5/31/cfp-changing-political-regime-implications-for-social-policy-putting-turkey-in-comparative-perspective-humboldt-universitt-zu-berlin-germany-12-13-december-2019</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-06-12</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1560327061901-RAJLSRG595V76D0BMUZ8/frontpage.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - CfP: 'Changing Political Regime, Implications for Social Policy: Putting Turkey in Comparative Perspective' - Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Germany, 12-13 December 2019. Deadline: 30 June 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/5/8/cfp-democratic-renewal-in-times-of-polarization-the-case-of-belgium-leuven-belgium-19-20-september-2019-deadline-10-june</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-05-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1557314231346-BA19G0QM777SX3FN05T3/KU+Leuven.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - CfP: 'Democratic Renewal in Times of Polarization: The Case of Belgium' - Leuven, Belgium, 19-20 September 2019. Deadline: 10 June</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/20/cfp-workshop-on-european-responses-to-the-decay-of-the-rule-of-law-and-human-rights-protections-in-turkey-exceptional-or-symptomatic-freie-universitt-berlin-germany-29-30-august-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1553123217784-20M9MBSB4W6ZW2BB9JGT/flag-1198963_960_720.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - CfP: Workshop on 'European Responses to the Decay of the Rule of  Law and Human Rights Protections in Turkey: Exceptional or symptomatic?' - Freie Universität Berlin, Germany, 29-30 August 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/20/cfp-human-rights-and-the-decay-of-democracy-law-schools-global-league-lsgl-deadline-20-may</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1553122880311-X8R15F07T9YWQB2RX0RT/logo_law_schools_global_league_0.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - CfP:  'Human Rights and the Decay of Democracy' - Law Schools Global League (LSGL), Deadline 20 May</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/8/14/talk-is-democracy-dying-melbourne-multicultural-hub-australia-22-august-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-08-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1565770453230-HKJ1WNOJJUI27HE8TA3R/image-asset.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Talk: 'Is Democracy Dying?' - Melbourne Multicultural hub, Australia, 22 August 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/1/european-presidents-conference-rule-of-law-haus-der-industrie-vienna-austria-28-february-2-march-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551422069888-VZ0GQOKE63BLPJE4UPSM/vienna.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - European Presidents' Conference: 'Rule of Law' - Haus der Industrie, Vienna, Austria, 28 February- 2 March 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/1/media-freedom-and-populism-in-the-context-of-the-rule-of-law-central-european-university-hungary-7-march-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551421792740-LL47EBS0IXJW5L4ET6AI/mobile-phone-426559_960_720.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Media freedom and populism in the context of the rule of law - Central European University, Hungary, 7 March 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/2/25/between-a-rock-and-a-hard-place-constitutional-crisis-in-venezuela-and-international-law-fiu-college-of-law-miami-usa</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-02-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551149825072-J1033FLPU62SECPXGABJ/Rock+and+Hard+Place.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Constitutional crisis in Venezuela and international Law' - FIU College of Law , Miami, USA</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/2/25/reconnect-webinar-populism-as-a-constitutional-project-by-professor-paul-blokker-university-of-bologna-charles-university-5-march-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-02-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551151254960-Y5L7IWGLTTTAZM570AML/RECONNECT+Webinar_5+March+2019.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - RECONNECT Webinar: 'Populism as a Constitutional Project' by Professor Paul Blokker - University of Bologna, Charles University 5 March 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/1/public-event-freedom-in-decline-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551421230548-12IF7PPWQPPHUQ84GP6T/52828004_352435495354797_4440712965330567168_o.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Public Event: 'Freedom in Decline' - We The People (NGO), Hong Kong, 14 March 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/2/17/rgp-round-table-europe-confronts-the-threat-of-populism-rutgers-school-of-arts-and-sciences-15-february-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-02-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1550385323263-MTUP4GHHZ7BJH49Z40CD/Rutgers.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - RGP Round Table 'Europe Confronts the Threat of Populism' - Rutgers School of Arts and Sciences, 15 February 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/13/ces-special-event-25-years-of-studying-the-far-right-reflections-on-the-fourth-wave-harvard-university-usa-9-november-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1542095468538-GLXU72VDEVFRHRR9LS02/casmudde_edit.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - CES Special Event: '25 Years of Studying the Far Right: Reflections on the Fourth Wave' - Harvard University, USA, 9 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/12/confronting-illiberalism-the-role-of-the-media-civil-society-and-universities-bonavero-institute-of-human-rights-university-of-oxford-9-october-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-12</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1539327099075-5QWZ5I1XC92SJ8XBL2CP/bonavero_institute_of_human_rights_-_rick_mathers_architects.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Confronting Illiberalism: The Role of the Media, Civil Society and Universities' - Bonavero Institute of Human Rights, University of Oxford, 9 October 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/9/6/debate-democracy-the-people-palais-de-leurope-council-of-europe-strasbourg-france-19-september-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1536281852408-DXVQS4KBE0M4ZYBNWC3H/CoE+Debate+on+Democracy.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Debate: Democracy &amp; "The People" - Palais de l'Europe, Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France, 19 September 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/18/the-other-democratic-deficit-a-toolbox-for-the-eu-to-safeguard-democracy-in-eu-member-states-friedrich-ebert-stiftung-fes-eu-office-brussels-belgium-23-may-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1526685888664-Y2SWWWZ6FIV1372ZGXS4/eu-flags.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'The Other Democratic Deficit - A Toolbox for the EU to Safeguard Democracy in EU Member States' - Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) EU office, Brussels, Belgium, 23 May 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/4/challenges-to-eu-law-and-governance-in-the-member-states-florence-8-june-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1525437281417-BL630MCFFON3IUWMT1KR/EUI+logo.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Challenges to EU Law and Governance in the Member States' - EUI, Florence, Italy, 8 June 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/8/university-of-tartu-democracy-in-reverse-patterns-of-autocratization-in-eastern-europe-and-eurasia-tartu-estonia-19-october-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1525769819200-JR61GO3K25PZKKFNN7FI/Tartu+event_Oct+2018.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Democracy in Reverse: Patterns of Autocratization in Eastern Europe and Eurasia' -  University of Tartu, Estonia, 19 October 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/14/representation-in-the-age-of-populism-ideas-for-global-action-brussels-18-20-june-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1526297689277-4042D85A0S8JJ1325ZGK/IDEA_Rep+Age+Populism.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Representation in the Age of Populism? Ideas for Global Action' - Brussels, Belgium, 18-20 June 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/24/445usjqvj13esbz79ddj7wwm02apv6</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1540365743254-P7NUZH5GYNNTXLSP8V3D/Is+Democracy+Broken.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Is Democracy Broken?' - Latrobe University, Melbourne, 25 October 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/2/dem-dec-launch-panel-is-democracy-decaying-worldwide-and-what-can-we-do-about-it-university-of-melbourne-22-october-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1538713527969-LLCH2VBVFHI8KE7UGI1R/Facebook+Event+pic.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - DEM-DEC Launch - Panel: 'Is Democracy Decaying Worldwide? And What Can We Do About It?', University of Melbourne, 22 October 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/4/world-congress-of-the-iacl-violent-conflicts-peace-building-and-constitutional-law-seoul-18-22-june-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1525441291890-NRURXVMLJLKSFOO62HBD/IACL+2018.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - World Congress of the IACL - 'Violent Conflicts, Peace-building and Constitutional Law' - Seoul, 18-22 June 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/7/31/seminar-authoritarian-and-abusive-constitutionalism-in-latin-america-universidad-externado-de-colombia-bogot-colombia-25-26-october-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1533077992852-XFRMMC4X3T4NIEPVFC9W/UEC_derecho-constitucional.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Seminar: 'Authoritarian and Abusive Constitutionalism in Latin America' - Universidad Externado de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, 25-26 October 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/4/icon-s-annual-conference-identity-security-democracy-challenges-for-public-law-hong-kong-25-27-june-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1525438109185-BWDO9EV9FMVQ8U8ZIMSK/ICON+2018.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - ICON-S Annual Conference - 'Identity, Security, Democracy: Challenges for Public Law' - Hong Kong, 25-27 June 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/12/populism-and-democracy-bocconi-university-milan-italy-29-october</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1539326724370-V2PBNSNEB6PCPALYFP0F/bocconi_sciencespo_dd.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Populism and Democracy' - Bocconi University, Milan, Italy, 29 October</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/4/global-constitutionalism-pluricourts-workshop-challenges-to-global-constitutionalism-berlin-4-6-july-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1525438421396-9MQOMS6LI16D9I95V1XJ/Global+Cnalism.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Challenges to Global Constitutionalism' - Global Constitutionalism &amp; Pluricourts Workshop, Berlin, Germany, 4-6 July 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1525438477068-L5PIVZ1XDKWLSDUCSOJP/Pluricourts.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Challenges to Global Constitutionalism' - Global Constitutionalism &amp; Pluricourts Workshop, Berlin, Germany, 4-6 July 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/20/workshop-the-post-populist-constitution-university-of-oxford-31-october-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1540026658616-896PXSFJKC0LJM5S19P6/Wolfson-College_Interiors.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Workshop: 'The Post-Populist Constitution' - University of Oxford, 31 October 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/6/23/reconnect-kick-off-event-royal-flemish-academy-belgium-5-july-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-06-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1529805107773-V09P1NWUDRGJIGXOJ5F7/Belgium_Royal-Academy-of-Sciences-Letters-and-Arts-e1529324265392.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - RECONNECT Kick-Off Event - Royal Flemish Academy, Belgium - 5 July 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/24/contemporary-democracy-and-its-critics</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-07-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1527212488826-64PBUB0N9NWPMZV9DFZC/Deakin-Burwood-N3548-12-1200x798.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Contemporary Democracy and Its Critics' - Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia, 19 July 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/20/electoral-integrity-and-constitutional-democracy-in-latin-america-boston-college-usa-1-2-november-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1540027515109-JL53NY84VZ2X0IRBXPQP/LatAm+elections.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Electoral Integrity and Constitutional Democracy in Latin America' - Boston College, USA, 1-2 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/22/ipsa-world-congress-borders-and-margins-brisbane-australia-21-25-july-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1526980475714-3TTPW3CW5IYWXKSLQXXP/Kangaroo_IPSA.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - IPSA World Congress -  'Borders and Margins' - Brisbane, Australia, 21-25 July 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/10/european-political-sociology-fragile-europe-charles-university-prague-2-3-november-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-21</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1525945768760-K4GX71LPMJE3108QJUUM/Fragile+Europe_ESA.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Fragile Europe' - European Political Sociology, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic, 2-3 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/8/1/2018-apsa-annual-meeting-democracy-and-its-discontents-boston-usa-30-august-2-september-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-08-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1533176726554-584RXVZ16PT9JTLP1UCS/cropped-cropped-2018-WEBSITE-BANNER_1-3.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 2018 APSA Annual Meeting - 'Democracy and Its Discontents' - Boston, USA, 30 August-2 September 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/7/23/lecture-populism-and-democracy-in-contemporary-europe-latrobe-university-city-campus-melbourne-australia-31-july</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-07-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1532391972264-L7AM05AT6V669VRJG92O/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Lecture: 'Populism and Democracy in Contemporary Europe' - LaTrobe University City Campus, Melbourne, Australia, 31 July</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/25/imitation-and-its-discontents-democratic-malaise-in-post-communist-europe-international-forum-for-democratic-studies-national-endowment-for-democracy-ned-washington-dc-usa</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1540445706078-W5WN1XCWS9IZZHATGOB4/Krastev-new-image-1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Imitation and its Discontents: Democratic Malaise in Post-Communist Europe' - International Forum for Democratic Studies, National Endowment for Democracy (NED), Washington DC, USA, 5 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/7/5/pre-ipsa-workshop-eroding-democracy-authoritarian-resurgence-brisbane-22-july-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-07-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1530768137875-BSFUKQ02VLPGQ83CQ453/Pippa+Norris+Event.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Pre-IPSA Workshop - 'Eroding Democracy &amp; Authoritarian Resurgence' - Brisbane, 22 July 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/13/constitutional-resilience-how-can-a-democratic-constitution-survive-an-autocratic-majority-wzb-berlin-13-14-november-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1542094786914-LL1PJAADCVKFW8K8ESKL/cnal+resilience.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Constitutional Resilience - How Can a Democratic Constitution Survive an Autocratic Majority?' - WZB Berlin, 13-14 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/16/constitutionalism-and-constitutional-design-in-democratic-recession-spsa-annual-conference-belgrade-serbia-23-24-september-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1526566014696-QO35Z73R7091DHBKUY5W/1200px-Sava_river_in_Belgrade%2C_Serbia.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Constitutionalism and Constitutional Design in Democratic Recession' - SPSA Annual Conference, Belgrade, Serbia, 23-24 September 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/2/the-shrinking-democratic-space-with-gillian-triggs-and-sharon-abraham-weiss-melbourne-25-november-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1541137347006-CJ5LEWILHKLC79IOZXHV/Shrinking+Democ+Space.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'The Shrinking Democratic Space – with Gillian Triggs and Sharon Abraham-Weiss' - Melbourne, 25 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/16/roundtable-legal-reflections-on-authoritarianism-in-brazil-and-beyond</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1542354358999-4S6E66Q6YGSJ1ASOZO2E/foto%2Bbeco%2BBatman%2BOut%2B18.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Roundtable — 'Legal Reflections on Authoritarianism in Brazil and Beyond' - Melbourne Law School, Australia, 27 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/6/asser-institute-annual-lecture-2018-international-law-and-the-far-right-reflections-on-law-and-cynicism-peace-palace-the-hague-the-netherlands-29-november-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1541555369784-7F2KXAT31IYZS3CEUBVO/official-photo-of-martti.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Asser Institute Annual Lecture 2018: 'International law and the far right: Reflections on law and cynicism' - Peace Palace, The Hague, the Netherlands, 29 November 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/13/democracy-in-a-world-of-crisis-columbia-university-30-november-1-december-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1542092890497-ZJX5GX0NL2LTCLGLPWE7/columbia_contact.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Democracy in a World of Crisis' - Columbia University, 30 November-1 December 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1542092812552-BFP0N7RN3JPZGTTZJHV8/Democracy+in+a+World+of+Crisis.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Democracy in a World of Crisis' - Columbia University, 30 November-1 December 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/9/11/conference-democratic-failure-boston-university-school-of-law-usa-28-september-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-12</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1536723532801-C9FSTSCIYI9AMBBYR83Q/BU+School+of+Law.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Conference - 'Democratic Failure' - Boston University School of Law, USA, 28 September 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/20/workshop-the-state-of-liberal-democracy-in-central-and-eastern-europe-hungarian-academy-of-sciences-budapest-hungary-6-december-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1540085500223-3Q2WDUGYGLZEAPR539C5/hungarian_academy_of_sciences.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Workshop: 'The State of Liberal Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe' - Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, 6 December 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/13/democracies-in-crisis-idc-herzliya-israel-18-december-2018</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1542092435707-RMO62XVPN4ZSA696K0XU/idc+herzliya.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Democracies in Crisis?' - IDC Herzliya, Israel, 18 December 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1543222196485-ZXI7MVW7LDM5280GM1DA/IMG_9249.JPG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Democracies in Crisis?' - IDC Herzliya, Israel, 18 December 2018</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/5/22/democratic-backsliding-and-human-rights</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1527046890044-S8LC17UDAQBMARX8EATU/College+Law+Business+Israel.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Democratic Backsliding and Human Rights' - College of Law and Business, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2-3 January 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/1/23/reconnect-workshop-re-conceptualizing-authority-and-legitimacy-in-the-eu-31-january-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-01-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1548278583752-FFRKCIC6ERDI4SRE18FB/RECONNECT_Jan2019.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - RECONNECT Workshop: 'Re-conceptualizing Authority and Legitimacy in the EU' - 31 January 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/1/democratic-backsliding-and-public-administration-european-university-institute-eui-florence-31-january-1-february-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1538439807667-FJHYI1JXAGBYN9BFN8YC/EUI+%5B2%5D.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Democratic Backsliding and Public Administration' - European University Institute (EUI), Florence, 31 January-1 February 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/2/3/rule-of-law-roundtable-dutch-parliament-14-february-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-02-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1549231952738-CIVRBWDZHTG9OGIDCFA3/edited.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Rule of Law Roundtable - Dutch Parliament, 14 February 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/9/4/conference-the-future-of-liberal-democracy-university-of-texas-austin-usa-21-23-february-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-02-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1536053590771-CERTWKHJ7MKLCIR3Q9QR/UTexas.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Conference - 'The Future of Liberal Democracy' - University of Texas, Austin, USA, 21-23 February 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/1/13/early-career-researchers-workshop-political-parties-partisanship-and-the-constitution-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1547427008828-10YD5V7TM4FXRV7D69ZP/bonavero_institute_of_human_rights_-_rick_mathers_architects.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Early Career Researchers Workshop: 'Political Parties, Partisanship, and the Constitution' - Bonavero Institute of Human Rights, Oxford University, UK, 14-15 March 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/1/reconnect-panel-debate-how-to-tackle-rule-of-law-backsliding-in-the-eu-infopoint-europa-schuman-brussels-belgium-20-march-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551422325239-2ZTU5HXL3EMDF5TE4ZXJ/RECONNECT+Events.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - RECONNECT Panel Debate: 'How to Tackle Rule of Law Backsliding in the EU?' -  InfoPoint Europa - Schuman, Brussels, Belgium, 20 March 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/18/colloquium-the-other-transitology-pathways-into-and-out-of-authoritarianism-in-the-twenty-first-century-empirical-and-normative-perspectivesnbsp-princeton-usanbsp29-30nbspapril-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-04-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1552951019975-4YT4294FIL7IK3A2A36Y/princeton-97827_960_720.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Colloquium: 'The Other ‘Transitology’: Pathways into and out of Authoritarianism in the Twenty-First Century - Empirical and Normative Perspectives'&amp;nbsp; - Princeton, USA,&amp;nbsp;29-30&amp;nbsp;March  2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/10/24/esil-ig-on-international-organisations-an-ambivalent-engagement-international-organisations-and-the-rule-of-law-gttingen-3-april-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1540367433577-PVKOVVN0DGE0HUP4BJ9Y/ESIL-IG-IO.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - ESIL IG on International Organisations: ‘An Ambivalent Engagement: International Organisations and the Rule of Law’ - Göttingen, Germany, 3 April 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/7/31/judicial-authority-under-pressure-politicisation-and-backlash-against-courts-in-the-age-of-populism-universit-catholique-de-louvain-mons-belgium-8-12-april-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-08-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1533077309067-T76AI7M14MKTCPMQTWKQ/louvain.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Judicial Authority Under Pressure: Politicisation and Backlash Against Courts in the Age of Populism' - Université Catholique de Louvain, Mons, Belgium, 8-12 April 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/26/seminar-the-rule-of-law-in-the-eu-and-the-usa-inter-university-center-dubrovnik-14-18-april-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1543222986894-TCB925P32YQL0ZWM8L2T/dubrovnik.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - Seminar: ‘The Rule of Law in the EU and the USA’ - Inter University Center, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 14-18 April 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/1/german-law-journal-symposium-on-populism-and-constitutionalism-lse-united-kingdom-25-26-april-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551422959101-O3SVVKR8FL4167DO4IW5/LSE.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - German Law Journal Symposium on Populism and Constitutionalism,  LSE, United Kingdom, 25-26 April 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/11/7/century-of-radical-right-extremism-new-approaches-richmond-american-university-london-uk-15-17-may-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1541572758226-2KTBFEUCQUS09R448EVW/CARR+banner.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Century of Radical Right Extremism: New Approaches' - Richmond, American University, London, UK, 15-17 May 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/5/8/cyberspaceirl-rule-of-law-approaches-to-virtual-threats-us-institute-of-peace-washington-dc-usa-21-may-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-05-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1557313501604-ITE9VZ1LYUFEU9359U2F/USIP.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - '#CyberspaceIRL: Rule of Law Approaches to Virtual Threats' - U.S. Institute of Peace , Washington DC, USA, 21 May 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/5/8/whats-the-point-of-the-rule-of-law-ned-washington-dc-usa-22-may-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-05-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1557312799887-0FP3BHOR1HS8SP5RAM7Y/Martin-event-image-final.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'What's the Point of the Rule of Law?' - NED, Washington D.C., USA, 22 May 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/5/8/limits-to-constitutional-changes-saviors-of-or-opponents-to-democracy-idc-herzliya-israel-23-may-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-05-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1557314502853-VHG78K1J66PCBIX6ESNM/idc+herzliya.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - 'Limits to Constitutional Changes: Saviors of or Opponents to Democracy?' - IDC Herzliya, Israel,  23 May 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/5/cfp-young-researchers-workshop-on-the-impact-of-european-law-on-national-constitutions-siena-14-15-june-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551818423929-EDSKR9IAQSE5ZHFYJAIH/siena_arches.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - CfP: Young Researchers Workshop on the impact of European law on National Constitutions - Siena, 14-15 June 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/3/1/cfp-ivr-conference-dignity-democracy-and-diversity-university-of-lucerne-switzerland-7-13-july-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1551423360659-J5XN7I00IS9AQUL1TNDM/IVR+2019.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Events - CfP: IVR Conference 'Dignity, Democracy, and Diversity' - University of Lucerne, Switzerland, 7-13 July 2019</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2018/9/11/conference-democracy-populism-and-judicial-power-monash-university-prato-centre-italy-24-26-july-2019</loc>
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    <lastmod>2019-03-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Past Events - Conference - 'Democracy, Populism, and Judicial Power' - Monash University Prato Centre, Italy, 24-26 July 2019</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/8/28/democratic-renewal-in-times-of-polarisation-the-case-of-belgium-ku-leuven-belgium-19-20-september-2019</loc>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/1/23/2019-apsa-annual-meeting-populism-and-privilege-washington-dc-29-august-1-september-2019</loc>
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      <image:title>Past Events - 2019 APSA Annual Meeting: 'Populism and Privilege' - Washington, DC, 29 August - 1 September 2019</image:title>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/5/29/after-liberalism-populism-and-the-future-of-democracy-deakin-university-melbourne-australia-20-november-2019</loc>
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      <image:title>Past Events - 'After Liberalism? Populism and the Future of Democracy' - Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia, 20 November 2019</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/past-events/2019/1/13/worlshop-constitutional-resilience-in-south-asia-5-7-december-2019-melbourne-australia</loc>
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    <lastmod>2019-08-28</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Past Events - Workshop: 'Constitutional Resilience in South Asia' - 5-7 December 2019, Melbourne, Australia</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/covid19-webinars</loc>
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    <lastmod>2022-03-31</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Webinars - IDEA, UN Democracy Fund, IDLO: 'Democracy Day in the Time of the Pandemic' - 16 September 2020, 09:00 am -10:30 am (New York)</image:title>
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      <image:title>Webinars - FEATURED   Minerva RLEC: 'Covid-19 Meets Politics: The Novel Coronavirus as a Novel Challenge for Legislatures' - 9 September 2020, 2.00pm Israel time (1pm CET, 4:30 IST)</image:title>
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      <image:title>Webinars - The Israel Democracy Institute: 'Democratic Backsliding: A View from Poland and Beyond' - 10 August 2020, 12:00PM (Jerusalem)</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>External Course Materials</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1552257182122-3P9GM54LA1RADVIIPD4K/Poster_Oran+Doyle+Course.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>External Course Materials</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>External Course Materials</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>External Course Materials</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/launch</loc>
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    <lastmod>2019-02-18</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Launch</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Launch</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Launch</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Launch</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Launch</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Launch</image:title>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/nonlawyers</loc>
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    <lastmod>2020-07-26</lastmod>
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    <lastmod>2019-10-07</lastmod>
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    <lastmod>2020-06-04</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/new-page-2</loc>
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    <lastmod>2018-12-15</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1545154244109-B139N5ELOE7YS6IZKUGM/Scholars_Darker+pic+%5Bcompressed%5D.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Women Also Know Stuff</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1544891907803-DC4HOIZ15S61YXXUR42Y/women+also+know_angel+pic.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Women Also Know Stuff - Know of a female expert? Send their details to democraticdecay@gmail.com</image:title>
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    <lastmod>2019-02-18</lastmod>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Hong Kong, 25 January 2019</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Jerusalem, 3 January 2019</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1547410459174-7BCHH3ISVSKLV16QHL1O/IDC+Democ+in+Crisis.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Tel Aviv, 18 December 2018</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1547542628963-GRE58I8YVLTL99FQFLLH/PHOTO-2018-10-22-18-20-04.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Melbourne, 22 October 2018</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Don’t miss it!</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Melbourne, 17 September 2018</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Hong Kong, 26 June 2018</image:title>
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      <image:title>DEM-DEC Talks - Seoul, 21 June 2018</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/article-7-eu</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-01-17</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Article 7 EU INFOHUB</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Article 7 EU INFOHUB</image:title>
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      <image:title>Article 7 EU INFOHUB - Prof. Laurent PECH</image:title>
      <image:caption>PROF. LAURENT PECH</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Article 7 EU INFOHUB - Dr Joelle GROGAN</image:title>
      <image:caption>Joelle Grogan is Senior Lecturer in Law at Middlesex University. Her primary focus of research is the intersection between EU and UK public law, and the rule of law in the EU. She is a member of RECONNECT, the H2020 funded multidisciplinary research project on ‘Reconciling Europe with its Citizens through Democracy and the Rule of Law”. She serves as advisor to citizens’ rights advocacy groups, and is the creator of public legal education project, StickyTrickyLaw, published on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>COVID-DEM Home</image:title>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/new-page-3</loc>
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      <image:title>Research Compilation - CLICK CTRL+F AND SEARCH A TREASURE TROVE OF RESEARCH</image:title>
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    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/democracy-day-2019</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-09-14</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1570288332223-YORPL5GMEVG3115THPW2/Twitter+banner_blank.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democracy Day 2019 - ARE YOU A DEMOCRACY DEFENDER?</image:title>
      <image:caption>E-MAIL DEMOCRATICCDECAY@GMAIL.COM</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/1989-collection</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-09-14</lastmod>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1576733226884-EW36SZCYHZCQGM80PGD5/Wodak.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>1989 Collection</image:title>
      <image:caption />
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      <image:caption>‘From Constitutional Repair to Democratic Resilience: Brazil in Comparative Perspective’ Author: Tom Gerald DALY Download: click here</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1714791597084-KE1B60ONR7P3Y49RFM7V/IACL+Blog+Logo_ed.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Partners</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/31ff1ebb-8747-4c1c-aafc-ce4e7040025f/Democratic+Erosion_ed.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Partners - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1714790324386-YXRPYL66JW0L10YN1SC8/CJT_final_edit.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Partners</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1714790914439-DHTY6U9JYJO7DFYOTTLX/EUI_STG_logo.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Partners</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1714790998858-QX08UU7MFGZ85HAKSI1A/PGA_ed.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Partners</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1714791360750-CR2XZ47DMND9TS8I2LFA/vdem-logotype-new_ed.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Partners</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1714791865343-DNU3YFJZQVU06GQU3JGQ/DRI_logo_ed.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Partners</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/democratic-crisis</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1715766171905-SUZ624UEPV1BB46NDSWN/Decay_banner_alt-elephant.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/90c9c260-d1e4-4a43-96f2-c6dd1ca0949f/Democratic+Crisis_top+image.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/a0f2cf52-eecf-4dd2-8e43-eca06e1240c5/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b701ac58-3a69-42c5-9e2d-eb07563bccb7/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5f1954f5-ed28-4c8e-8209-85de62de04a9/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/7cc97e65-7ddb-44d6-86e9-29661fd90def/Decay_banner_alt-elephant.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - Text Explainers</image:title>
      <image:caption>Below are two useful starting explainers - a short blog post and a full academic article - which build on the podcast and video. They explore how a range of scholars and experts have sought to understand democratic decay and call it by many different names</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/8d037a53-6bcf-4c04-8594-2bea577aa4d1/WP+cover+2a.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - Spotlight: Autocratic Legalism</image:title>
      <image:caption>How do today’s wannabe autocrats use the law to dilute and dismantle democracy? Check out this recent special issue edited by Prof. Kim Scheppele for the World Comparative Law journal.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/ad909ced-f376-4bef-9ca8-44e15b3fa714/Breakdown.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - What is the difference between decay, backsliding and breakdown?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Read this book chapter for a reflection on this difference, focusing our minds on the pace of change and the methods used to undermine democracy, exploring the relationship between backsliding and breakdown.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/a7341bf8-11b6-4fbe-b592-a478e749c78f/Concept+Index_new+banner_2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - Explore the Concept Index</image:title>
      <image:caption>This Concept Index defines the key terms used to describe and discuss democratic crisis, and provides links and excerpts from key readings. We’re also currently developing a Mini-Index aimed at policymakers.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/d3c19893-0545-45e6-a736-8e8417a30d1c/Newsletter+header_v2_big.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - What Happened During Covid?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Explore our COVID-DEM Global Democracy &amp; Pandemic Tracker, which contains over 3,000 items, including academic research, policy analysis, blogs, podcasts, and videos.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/bfe61e23-419d-4f98-b848-e66669d31ad2/Research+Compilation_new+banner.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Democratic Crisis - Global Research Updates</image:title>
      <image:caption>From 2018-2020 we produced monthly multi-disciplinary research updates. Based on a hybrid approach of curation and crowdsourcing, each update is a treasure trove of research and relevant policy analysis.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/constitutional-repair</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-02-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1718104003662-YTGAZEIT7JKDFFGKY4VM/Con+Repair_banner+image_2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/c578940c-ba77-401b-b06e-27200fb5a7f7/Repair_Symbol_rev.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair</image:title>
    </image:image>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b701ac58-3a69-42c5-9e2d-eb07563bccb7/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5f1954f5-ed28-4c8e-8209-85de62de04a9/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/73c56294-3aaa-4b2b-b40c-a3b066e9761d/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/d6ad631a-f3f1-4263-9ab5-e10fd18deff9/Demoptimism+WP_2025-1_cover.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - New Working Paper (September 2025)</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Demoptimism Repair Working Paper series publishes analysis and explainers about the challenges of repairing democracies after backsliding. Check out our new paper, ‘From Constitutional Repair to Democratic Resilience: Brazil in Comparative Perspective’. We welcome submissions from both academics and policy experts.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/4264d866-bde6-4959-a45b-0d2cfce9ffb4/jacek-dylag-SPpsFbCaN2A-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Open Access - New Article (July 2025)</image:title>
      <image:caption>This new article, published in the American Journal of Comparative Law, explores the distinctiveness and difficulties of constitutional repair in detail, constructing an overarching framework for analysis and comparing the dynamics in the USA, Brazil, and Poland.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/ed3cf8c9-8775-459a-b9d2-3d8d8ca26833/Wojcik+report_Feb2025.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Report on Poland (February 2025)</image:title>
      <image:caption>Rebuilding the Rule of Law in Poland: The Slow and Arduous Process towards Judicial Independence (February 2025). In this report by Anna Wójcik, written as Donald Tusk‘s government marks its first year in office, she offers that “the key takeaway is clear: rebuilding the rule of law is a long journey fraught with unique challenges”.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b9e69219-9d40-4927-aa1f-94290698130f/ivan-vranic-j9-2LIZ2_Rc-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - New Article: The Day After a Broken Democratic Polity</image:title>
      <image:caption>M. Victoria Kristan addresses the question of whether illegal state action of a democratic government is an appropriate means of restoring legitimacy to what she calls a ‘broken’ polity.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/65ca5d25-fbbf-4bcb-b15d-c44383d77fff/eu-flag-2108026_960_720.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Recommended: Open Access Book</image:title>
      <image:caption>Transition 2.0: Re-establishing Constitutional Democracy in EU Member States (2023) is a timely exploration of what (and how) a new government may do to re-establish constitutional democracy and repair EU membership without breaching the European rule of law.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/dc5197ea-0092-42f8-af23-f94edaec493e/marco-pregnolato-Qbf39MGrxOI-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Spotlight: Freiburg Conference</image:title>
      <image:caption>On 20-21 June 2024 a major conference was held in Freiburg on developing ‘A Playbook for Reinstating the Rule of Law’, organised by the leading project Constitution as Practice in Times of Transformation (ConTrans) led by Prof. Paulina Starski. Demoptimism Director Tom Daly was a chair and speaker.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/7881a776-6289-49d8-b26c-0195c22d150c/victor-OO0_7yJa-s0-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Constitutional Repair - Panel on Poland: ICON-S in Madrid</image:title>
      <image:caption>In July 2024 a panel was held on ‘Rebuilding Democracy and Rule of Law in Poland’. Organised by Barbara Grabowska-Moroz, it featured leading experts. DEM-DEC Director Tom Daly was the discussant.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/redesigning-democracy</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1715769151845-KH91H3976FUPD8H4BYB9/Redesign_banner_alt-curve.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/89ede893-38d3-40e5-adbc-9c769496a09f/Redesign_Symbol_rev.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b701ac58-3a69-42c5-9e2d-eb07563bccb7/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/3cdfb1e0-83f5-471e-8fb1-6ce74512b578/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5f1954f5-ed28-4c8e-8209-85de62de04a9/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/df6dd8e9-c243-4aed-aef3-b9a04c4cf4c1/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/73c56294-3aaa-4b2b-b40c-a3b066e9761d/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5d15c10b-3f3f-494e-aeac-823237c9deec/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/c97ae3f3-f31b-4ae0-8c29-9bf85eb41f4b/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/18159708-94f0-4db9-ac29-f3fb09870558/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/3ec5ac96-c1ae-4ae1-8c52-f3c48d1d9c3c/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/48eeb8f9-40e6-4da5-bc93-f55a0275fe23/IDEA_Asia+Map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - How Can We Design Resilient institutions?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Can we use constitutional and institutional design to enhance democratic institutions' resilience against government-led attacks? Check out this new report by Demoptimism Director Tom Daly, focused on Asia but drawing widely applicable lessons.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/277a3a6b-aa4e-42fd-aa5b-b4dc1fcd9ed0/Publicity+visual_v2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Constitutional Design and Democracy</image:title>
      <image:caption>If constitutional law can be used to erode a democratic system, can it also be used to make it more resilient? Designed by Tom Daly, this innovative new Master subject at Melbourne Law School examines this question through wide-ranging comparative case studies.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/cb26e04d-b030-4d6f-9af4-d0a6352e9a07/IDEA+report_cover_ed.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - IDEA Report: Designing Resistance</image:title>
      <image:caption>In 2023 Demoptimism partner International IDEA issued this interesting report on ‘Designing Resistance: Democratic Institutions and the Threat of Backsliding’. Taking a wide comparative view, it looks at backsliding governments’ tactics and sources of resilience.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/241e2698-ffa7-4977-ab22-af05d86c0366/MelbForum2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Spotlight: Constitution Transformation Network</image:title>
      <image:caption>Demoptimism partner CTN blends practice and principle in constitutional design to meet today’s challenges, generating key insights for re-designing constitutional democracies to enhance their resilience.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/0580ca7b-7c6d-40c7-b8a8-376fab2ac703/ERRN+WP_Foley_cover.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Can this Electoral Model Reduce Polarisation?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Could a model for elections devised by a University of Melbourne professor over a century ago be an answer to polarisation in Australia, the USA, and elsewhere? Check out this intriguing Working Paper from the Electoral Regulation Research Network (ERRN).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/f6c20f63-d40f-4591-bd40-36fd97973ce9/GIuN1yLWsAAXXin.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Redesigning Democracy - Book: What design lessons can we learn from ‘democratising events’?</image:title>
      <image:caption>This new book, co-edited by Tom Daly and Dinesha Samararatne, explores key democratising events in 7 understudied states across Asia and Africa, helping us to think about the intersections between constitutional design, political contexts, traditions and culture.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/global-hope-leaders</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-05-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1714793751842-AWF9G9O1QN90WM4EZ402/Inspired+girl_ed_colour.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Global Hope Leaders</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/resisting-threats</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1715766615939-M12U8420J4D57EEO0Y68/Resisting_banner_alt-man.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/77adffb6-dc20-464a-a4d4-7b0a68a1aca6/Resisting_Symbol_rev.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b701ac58-3a69-42c5-9e2d-eb07563bccb7/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/6fce1990-d7b7-4061-9793-650962fe89a7/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/2943d908-52f9-480f-a159-456529462513/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5f1954f5-ed28-4c8e-8209-85de62de04a9/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/f43b44c4-135a-4b5f-9111-322beba0b4c7/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/4a9463e9-dd82-4d86-9c26-73b0110f60b1/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/73c56294-3aaa-4b2b-b40c-a3b066e9761d/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/c9f3af16-fbf9-4a41-9663-ae1eec5f4690/SKorea_Resistance+Section.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Pushback Against Martial Law in South Korea</image:title>
      <image:caption>The strong pushback by political parties, institutions and citizens against President Yoon’s attempt to impose martial law in December 2024 deserves global attention. Access our InfoHub below.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/0b9a300b-ff2a-4806-89b4-081e9cee9070/martin-jernberg-nE2gf1scItI-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - What Makes a Political Opposition Effective?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Given the strong showing of the united opposition in India in 2024 (and in states such as Poland in 2023) read this prescient analysis of the Indian elections by Anmol Jain.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/3e7153d2-3bd3-4b6c-aa48-85ec05573845/saulo-mohana-wNz7_5EvUWU-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Fourth Branch Bodies</image:title>
      <image:caption>‘Fourth branch’, or ‘guarantor’ institutions such as ombuds offices, electoral, human rights, and integrity bodies can play key roles. Indeed, Mark Tushnet calls them ‘institutions for the protection of democracy’ (IPDs). Read this review of Tushnet’s book The New Fourth Branch.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b84bb2f6-3f4d-4152-89fb-e16e8167d6e2/desola-lanre-ologun-IgUR1iX0mqM-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Course: Democracy, Power, and the Public Service</image:title>
      <image:caption>Check out the syllabus for this course created by Demoptimism Director Tom Daly for the Master of Public Administration at Melbourne School of Government. It takes a close look at the role of public servants in upholding and guarding democracy and the rule of law.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/81104f04-2b6e-4c29-b6ef-d948f03f5279/colin-lloyd-x5-62_ZWDlk-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Resistance Guide</image:title>
      <image:caption>The US organisation Indivisible has produced a Practical Guide to Democracy on the Brink: Strategies, Tactics, &amp; Tips For How Everyday Americans Can Fight Back Together Wherever We Live.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b47e1cc3-2711-4272-ad18-91625421de95/regions+refocus.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - How to Work Together</image:title>
      <image:caption>This feminist guide by Regions Refocus contains interesting reflections on the importance of issues such as ‘targeted convening’, new ways of working, and funding.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/a5b9e086-25d7-498d-8551-7da0b09ab291/Maria+Ressa.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - #HoldtheLine</image:title>
      <image:caption>Check out this inspiring interview series by Maria Ressa, Editor of Rappler, one of the most outspoken democratic voices in the Philippines, and a Nobel Prize laureate. The series features people who fight their individual battles for truth-telling, integrity, and values.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/74ac8399-ea14-4710-b47c-6595cb3a81d8/transly-translation-agency-6kQQM2YQqn4-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Resisting Threats - Global Protest Tracker</image:title>
      <image:caption>This global tracker run by the Carnegie Endowment is a useful way of getting a picture of where anti-government civil action is taking place. A short entry is provided for each protest and the search function allows you to filter by country and keyword.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/how-can-we-help-you</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-05-04</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/renewing-participation</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1715672812313-XCRUMZGQJFOPQBMKB9VE/Inspired+girl_ed_colour.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/08a1f5b3-5a1a-4929-b3d0-73962c7259ff/Renewal_Symbol_rev.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/b701ac58-3a69-42c5-9e2d-eb07563bccb7/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/3cdfb1e0-83f5-471e-8fb1-6ce74512b578/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5f1954f5-ed28-4c8e-8209-85de62de04a9/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/df6dd8e9-c243-4aed-aef3-b9a04c4cf4c1/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5d15c10b-3f3f-494e-aeac-823237c9deec/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/c2e5026e-49ab-4986-b996-ec43735b0033/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/18159708-94f0-4db9-ac29-f3fb09870558/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/e2a8ac80-e3ec-4069-af63-8cd9ef374a78/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/2209ebf6-09f3-4141-a1aa-e5fe3af07e8c/OECD+report+cover_2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - OECD Report: Innovative Citizen Institutions</image:title>
      <image:caption>This OECD report on ‘Innovative Citizen Participation and New Democratic Institutions’ is a great starter for an overview of how much innovation is happening worldwide.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/ec33aea3-940e-4f1e-8b66-d623d4da1b66/Bringing+in+the+People_thumbnail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Course: Bringing in the People</image:title>
      <image:caption>Check out this ground-breaking Master’s subject at Melbourne Law School, co-designed by Demoptimism Director Tom Daly and Professor Cheryl Saunders to explore the many dimensions of public participation. In 2024 Tom co-delivered the subject with Professor Dinesha Samararatne, enhancing the focus on the Global South.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/715085fe-1967-4080-8edf-9fa2d9abf027/Ireland_Cit+Assembly.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Article: Can innovations help fight decay?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Read this interesting analysis by Oran Doyle and Rachael Walsh, ‘Deliberative Mini-Publics as a Response to Populist Democratic Backsliding’ in Maria Cahill, Colm O'Cinneide, Seán Ó Conaill and Conor O'Mahony (eds), Constitutional Change and Popular Sovereignty: Populism, Politics and the Law in Ireland (Routledge, 2021).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/67c03bcc-ff87-4aa1-be70-c325384c3a54/Untitled.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Spotlight: Better Electoral Regulation</image:title>
      <image:caption>The nationwide Electoral Regulation Research Network (ERRN) in Australia explores how to better regulate elections, including electoral management for today’s challenges and questions like the legal regulation of truth in political advertising.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/ce45e509-79bc-49a0-ac27-0cbb9cc29876/wonderlane-w1s5H_3Zn48-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Renewing Participation - Constitutional Literacy</image:title>
      <image:caption>Democracy depends on an informed public, but what roles do we expect citizens to play in our democracies? In this open-access article Maartje de Visser and Brian Christopher Jones unpack how the notion of ‘constitutional literacy’ can be better understood.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/demoptimism-podcast</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-05-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1715000188290-ER0R5YQUPKGHGU4HY3N1/Happy+People_ed_colour.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Podcast</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/new-page-5</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-05-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/617667d9-1707-4649-83c0-f7f14b77cee4/Cns+and+Democracies_cover_draft.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>New Page</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/53201549-e682-4c09-a50a-0abca2fd6a2c/Cns+and+Religion.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>New Page - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/8bee84b3-d9a3-4d83-907d-ec1bbd0e95b6/Comp+Cnal+Theory.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>New Page</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/spotlight-on-poland</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-06-19</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1718087576337-KMWLPFV1SV874Y5N5QD0/Repair_banner_alt1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Spotlight on Poland</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/crisis-in-mexico</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1725619785055-14G87Y3OZOJT3QOKSXSJ/Mexico+City_street.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Crisis in Mexico</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/e8b4bda4-d2ef-4e91-ac2c-597a974b83cd/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Crisis in Mexico - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/25877696-692e-4726-82e3-c3446af06268/Open+Letter.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Crisis in Mexico - OPEN LETTER - on Mexico’s judicial reform seeking to introduce the popular election of judges</image:title>
      <image:caption>Mariana Velasco-Rivera, Jaime Olaiz, and Irene Parra Prieto invite you to sign this open letter.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/fea94b97-28f6-47fd-942b-96d264dbd03b/Press+Release.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Crisis in Mexico - PRESS RELEASE - Association of Judicial Clerks of the Mexican Supreme Court</image:title>
      <image:caption>This press release strongly urges legislators to reject the constitutional bill and calls on the international community to spread the word on the current situation in Mexico.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/3c6932c8-9998-4d73-bbc7-85c864526344/Mexico_army.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Crisis in Mexico - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/book-why-russias-constitution-matters</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1726475505847-RJJYM93IJBFURWLGBP7L/Putin_banner.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Why Russia's Constitution Matters</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/22753fd2-6651-4cf5-86ef-69e699b2708b/Dark_Arts_Cover_300dpi.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Why Russia's Constitution Matters</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/ad2814b7-f1e7-4004-8498-c5161469eb77/Dark+Arts_quotation+marks.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Why Russia's Constitution Matters - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/c32777cc-ca2c-4c8b-8929-8ddefc9e3bca/Dark_Arts_Partlett_headshot_300dpi_ed.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Why Russia's Constitution Matters</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/workshop-building-institutional-resilience</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-09-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1727207200779-BTWJ9RQ7QV5GRIM7T3BF/International_Title_art.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Workshop - Building Institutional Resilience</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/martial-law-south-korea</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1733256300053-4IG6SFM0IHZGGZ0RO35Z/Korea_banner.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Martial Law Pushback in South Korea</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/e8b4bda4-d2ef-4e91-ac2c-597a974b83cd/Hexagon_blue.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Martial Law Pushback in South Korea - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/875e1ab6-20c0-47e2-bd9e-2b4bbeca0a89/Pres+Yoon_colour.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Martial Law Pushback in South Korea - PRESIDENT’S MARTIAL LAW ADDRESS</image:title>
      <image:caption>Find the text of President Yoon Suk Yeol’s address below.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1353590d-bf71-4bec-8e8c-66e74ae3018b/Gen+Park+An-Su.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Martial Law Pushback in South Korea - MARTIAL LAW DECLARATION</image:title>
      <image:caption>Read an unofficial English-language translation of the declaration here. The declaration was made by Army General Park An-Su.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/5ae96e64-2905-485f-aee8-02858eb60586/Open+call.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Martial Law Pushback in South Korea - OPEN STATEMENT</image:title>
      <image:caption>Call for an Immediate Reintroduction and the Passage of the Impeachment Bill to Restore the Constitutional Order. Signed by hundreds of political scientists from Korea and internationally.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/af7840c4-6292-42a8-9702-a4fbfa1c52ba/Korea_banner.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Martial Law Pushback in South Korea - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.demoptimism.org/book-entrenchment-democracy</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5abb53e6372b9691939ac577/1733448518585-0XAUJOYH80KGJBY9MHWX/book_main+image_enlarged_colour.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>The Entrenchment of Democracy</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
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